What’s the Financial Sector Really Worth in a Fire-Sale?
If investors needed a reminder about just how IRRATIONAL financial markets can be, Monday’s drama surrounding the Bear Stearns meltdown was a great lesson.
At Friday’s close, the stock market said Bear Stearns was worth US$20 billion. As trading began on Monday morning Wall Street’s fifth-largest firm was valued at less than US$300 million! That’s all J.P. Morgan was willing to pay at fire-sale prices – amid the biggest financial panic to grip Wall Street since the Great Depression.
That’s a huge swing in the stock market’s estimation of the firm’s value. And it isn’t just Bear Stearns subjected to this wild swing in valuation. Lehman Brothers was worth about US$21 billion last Friday. The company’s worth plummeted to less than US$11 billion at Monday’s low. And Lehman managed to climb back near US$24 billion at last night’s close!
National City Bank’s value swung by about US$4 billion between Friday and Monday too – a difference of more than 50%!
“Perilous Times” Call for Desperate Measures
As Bloomberg columnist Caroline Baum wrote recently: “We live in perilous times. Crises are cropping up faster than the Fed can propose solutions to stabilize them.”
How true! In fact, in such a manic-depressive environment as this, who can really be certain of the quoted value of anything?
Wall Street firms thought they were certain about the value of asset-backed securities. However, the assortment of CMOs, CDOs and other securities at the center of this credit storm are just too illiquid right now to be valued at all. The bottom line is that these securities are only worth what someone else is willing to pay…at fire-sale prices.
So far Wall Street’s have announced nearly US$200 billion in losses and write-offs. That number is bound to climb much higher in coming weeks as more firms announce dismal first-quarter results. You have to wonder: How many more losses are still lurking on Wall Street’s collective balance sheet?
How much more of this can the stressed-out financial sector take? How many more Bear Stearns are out there…is Merrill Lynch safe, what about Bank of America or Wachovia?
Who Will Lose Their Seat Next When the Music Stops?
Estimates are of course all over the map. When the credit crunch first began last summer, Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson confidently claimed that total losses should be confined to US$50 billion. WRONG! Actual losses are four-times that amount already and still growing.
I have seen estimates that these credit crunch losses will range anywhere from US$400 billion, to upwards of US$1 trillion dollars before we’re through. The truth is, no one knows for sure.
The saga of Bear Stearns is a sobering reminder of the fragile state of the highly leveraged financial sector. In this game of musical chairs, the music stopped last Friday at four o’clock. And by Monday at nine, Bear Stearns had lost its seat.
According to Bloomberg, the firm was “too big to fail, too weak to continue operations, and too intertwined with counterparties to go down without causing serious collateral damage.”
What Keeps Me (and Ben Bernanke) Up at Night
I wrote about this potential for more “collateral damage” last July here in the A-Letter. Collateral damage is what keeps me up at night, wondering about where (and when) the next shoe will drop.
Minimizing collateral damage in the financial system is exactly what’s on top of the Fed’s agenda too. That’s clear from the dramatic steps the Fed is taking to guarantee US$30 billion worth of Bear Stearns “at risk” securities as part of the fire-sale to J.P. Morgan.
The Fed is also slashing interest rates and injecting liquidity as never before. Capital in the banking system has already fallen hard, amid US$200 billion in announced losses and write-offs, with more to come.
Once “bank capital falls below regulatory minimums relative to assets, financial institutions have to sell assets, which sets in motion the kind of downward spiral the Fed was looking to prevent,” according to Bloomberg.
In spite of the big rally yesterday, led by financial firms, I doubt we’re out of the woods just yet.
In tomorrow’s A-Letter, I’ll show you just how little impact the Fed has had in easing this market shock. The next desperate move the Fed is likely to make will lead to more short-term profit opportunities – and will also have important long-term implications for your investments. Stay tuned!
MIKE BURNICK, Senior Editor & Global Markets Analyst
EDITOR’S NOTE: Since this credit crunch began last July, Mike has been profiting from Wall Street’s biggest mistakes with his Market Shock Trader service. Back in October, Mike grabbed quick gains of 50%, 131% and 142% by shorting the financial sector just as the bloodbath on Wall Street began. And during the last two months, he recommended his subscribers take gains of 114%, 111% and 121% by selling well-timed energy and materials plays. Click here to find out how this well-tested strategy can profit from the worst market crises.
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